This professional development session explores the distinction between proficiency and performance in second language acquisition. Participants will engage in discussions and activities that unpack how language learners develop practical, real-world communication skills (performance) and internalize deep, enduring language abilities (proficiency). By the end of the session, educators will gain a clearer understanding of how to assess and support learners at different stages of their language journey, tailoring instruction to foster both long-term language mastery and effective communication in diverse contexts.